Vinegar Syndrome: What is it and why should I care?

 

^{Before and after images of a cel affected by Vinegar syndrome. This cel is from She-Ra: Princess of Power (1980s).}

Vinegar Syndrome is something every animation art collector should be aware of. It is a condition where the cellulose nitrate/acetate the cels are made of begins to break down, releasing the distinct smell of vinegar.

Unfortunately, animation cels were not made to last. Many studios would discard cels once production was complete, or wash the paint off of them so the cels could be reused. They only needed to last enough to be filmed, were never meant to be archived, and are not chemically stable. However, with proper care it is possible to prolong the lifespan of animation cels. 

SIGNS OF VINEGAR SYNDROME / CEL DETERIORATION

• Vinegar smell (it can be faint or very strong)
• Warping/rippling of the acetate surface
• An "oily" liquid, usually present between cel layers

It is very important to note that Vinegar Syndrome is CONTAGIOUS. Any cels showing signs of Vinegar Syndrome should be immediately isolated from other cels. Unfortunately, it is not currently known how to stop Vinegar Syndrome once it sets in.

^{Examples of cel warping/rippling, indicative of vinegar syndrome.}

^{Examples of cels with severe vinegar syndrome damage.}